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Sunday, December 25, 2016

2017 Winter and Spring Religious Holidays

What follows is a list of the upcoming religious holidays for the Winter and Spring 2017 semesters.

As the Winter 2017 semester begins, I would like to refer back to the posts for these holidays made last year.  For many of these holidays (those from religions that follow calendars that differ from the Gregorian calendar), the dates in the secular year will differ but the main content of the posts should not. 

To that end, I would like to give the dates for the holidays in the next few months paralleling the Winter, Spring and Summer semesters in US universities (I am, after all, a professor in the United States).

WINTER AND SPRING 2017 RELIGIOUS HOLIDAYS

The list below gives the date for 2017, the name of the holiday, the main religion observing the holiday and the previous David Victor Vector post on that holiday. Some of the links here are older posts that have been updated posts for the current year. Other of these holiday posts will be entirely new posts (for example, the upcoming Asian New Year of the Rooster).  I have indicated that this will be posted at a later date in those instances.




January 7
Eastern Orthodox Christmas/Feast of the Nativity
Eastern Orthodox and Coptic Christianity
http://davidvictorvector.blogspot.com/2011/12/christmas-day.html

January 19
Timket (Ethiopian Orthodox Christian)
Ethiopian Orthodox Christian
http://davidvictorvector.blogspot.com/2011/12/christmas-day.html

February 27
Clean Monday
Eastern Orthodox Christianity
             http://davidvictorvector.blogspot.com/2012/04/easter-and-pascha.html

January 28
Asian Lunar New Year: Year of the Rooster
Buddhism, Taoism
Many non-Buddhist observers celebrate the holiday as well

  February 2
  Candlemas (Roman Catholic, Epsicopalian, Anglican)
  Presentation of the Lord (Evangelical Lutheran)
  Imbolc (Wicca, Neo-Paganism, Neo-Druidism)
    http://davidvictorvector.blogspot.com/2012/02/candlemas-presentation-of-lord-imbolc.html


February 8 (or February 15, depending on tradition)
Paranirvana
Festival of Lord Buddha's Renunciation (celebrated by some in place of Paranirvana)
Buddhism
                  http://davidvictorvector.blogspot.com/2012/02/parinirvana-or-nirvana-day.html

February 27
Presentation of the Lord (Eastern Orthodox Christianity) http://davidvictorvector.blogspot.com/2012/05/pentecost.html


March 1
Ash Wednesday
Roman Catholic, Episcopalian, Anglican, Lutheran, Presbyterian, Methodist Christianity
http://davidvictorvector.blogspot.com/2012/02/lenten-season.html

Sunset March 11 through sunset March 12
Purim
Judaism
            http://davidvictorvector.blogspot.com/2013/02/as-part-of-my-ongoing-on-upcoming.html

March 13-16
Holi
Hindusim
http://davidvictorvector.blogspot.com/2012/03/holi.html\

March 17
St. Patrick's Day
Roman Catholic Christianity
http://davidvictorvector.blogspot.com/2012/03/saint-patricks-day.html


Sunset March 19 through end of March 20
Ostara
Wicca, Neo-Paganism, Neo-Druidism http://davidvictorvector.blogspot.com/2012/03/ostara.html




Sunset March 20 through sunset March 21
Naw Ruz
Bahai'i, Zoroastrianism, Alawite Islam, Alevi Islam, Bektashi Islam

Sunset April 10 through sunset sunset April 18
(first two nights may affect attendance at school and work)
Passover
           Judaism
           http://davidvictorvector.blogspot.com/2012/04/passover.html



April 14
Good Friday
Roman Catholic and Protestant Christianity
http://davidvictorvector.blogspot.com/2012/04/easter-and-pascha.html

April 16
Easter
Roman Catholic and Protestant Christianity
Pascha (Orthodox Easter)
             Eastern Orthodox and Coptic Christianity
             http://davidvictorvector.blogspot.com/2012/04/easter-and-pascha.html


Sunset April 20 through sunset May 2 (first and last days may affect attendance at school and work)
First Day of Ridvan
Bahai'i
             http://davidvictorvector.blogspot.com/2012/04/ridvan.html


May 1
Beltane
Wicca, Neo-Pagan, Neo-Druidism
 http://davidvictorvector.blogspot.com/2013/04/beltane.html

May 10, 11 or 12
Mahayana Vesak (Buddha's birthday)
Theravada Buddhism
 http://davidvictorvector.blogspot.com/2012/04/vesak.html


Sunset May 26 through sunset June 25
Ramadan
Islam
             http://davidvictorvector.blogspot.com/2012/07/ramadan.html

Sunset May 30 through sunset June 1 
Shavuot
Judaism
            http://davidvictorvector.blogspot.com/2012/05/shavuot.html


June 4
Pentecost
Roman Catholic, Eastern Orthodox, Coptic, and most Protestant Christianity
http://davidvictorvector.blogspot.com/2012/05/pentecost.html


  June 21
  Litha
Wicca, Neo-Pagan, Neo-Druidism
 http://davidvictorvector.blogspot.com/2014/06/midsummers-day-litha-and-saint-johns-   eve.html     

Sunset June 25 through sunset July 27
Eid al-Fitr
Islam    
             http://davidvictorvector.blogspot.com/2012/07/ramadan.html

A FEW CLOSING REMARKS


In all likelihood, I have overlooked a holiday or observance. Please feel free to share this with me.

Some controversy exists over the specific dates of some holidays in various traditions.  For example,
considerable difference of opinion exists as to what is the proper date for the beginning of holidays in Islam, with some holding that the date is that of when the moon is sighted in Mecca while others with the date that the moon is sighted in the specific location where one lives (e.g., a different day for those in the Western hemisphere than those in the Eastern hemisphere.). I am not endorsing one or the other of these by posting the date that is here, and I have explained to the best of my ability the difference of opinion in the blogpost itself. Please take this as a good-faith effort toward information rather than an opinion on the matter (of which I am attempting here to be neutral).  Relatedly, all holidays in Islam depend on the actual sighting of the moon. If the moon is not sighted, the holiday date is adjusted. The dates here presume that the moon will be sighted on the date indicated.

Finally, I would like to ask you to spread the word about this blog. If you are not formally a follower, please do add your name to the list through your Google, Twitter, AIM, Netlog or Yahoo account.


Thanks so much!

Friday, August 19, 2016

Fall 2016 Religious Holidays

For several years now, I have posted as a reference overviews for many of the religious observances for Bahai'ism, Buddhism, Christianity, Hinduism, Islam, Judaism, neo-Paganism, Sikhism and Wicca. This is intended to allow those teaching or otherwise following a semester academic calendar to  accommodate students, faculty and staff who wish to observe them.

As Fall Semester starts again, we are now coming upon the start of the cycle of holidays once more. For many of these holidays (those from religions that follow calendars that differ from the Gregorian calendar), the dates in the secular year will differ but the main content of the posts should not. 

To that end, I would like to give the dates for the holidays in the next few months paralleling the Fall semester in most US universities (I am, after all, a professor in the United States).

I have noted only holidays to which I have already written a post. These are those holidays that I would argue are the most important holidays within their religion. Admittedly, there are others which may be of strong importance to those who observe them. Thus, I have not included, for example,  the Christian holiday of Advent Sunday on December 1. This does not, however, mean that such holidays are unimportant to those who wish to observe them, which should be kept in mind for religious accommodation purposes.

Similarly, I have left out some holidays that are regionally of importance within a religion but not of such significance beyond the regional context..  For example, I have left out the Feast of Our Lady of Guadalupe (December 12) which is primarily observed among Mexican Catholics. Likewise excluded is Bathukamma  (this year on October 1) which is primarily observed among Hindus from Telangana state in India.

Note also that observance varies according to practice. For example, Reform and Reconstructionist Jews may observe a holiday for one day that Orthodox and Conservative Jews observe for two days. Some streams of Hinduism may observe Diwali for five full days, while others may do so for one, two or three days. While all Muslims recognize Ashurah as a holiday, it holds much greater significance in Shi'a tradition than in most other branches of Islam. Because of this, two people of the same faith may observe the same holiday for different lengths. These are explained for each holiday in the connected blog post. The main point here, though, is that we should recognize such differences in practice as legitimate.

FALL 2016 RELIGIOUS HOLIDAYS

The list below gives the date for 2016, the name of the holiday, the main religion observing the holiday and the previous David Victor Vector post on that holiday.While the dates on the links may be from an earlier year, all of these are regularly updated, and all are corrected for the date when it changes.



Monday, September 12 sunset through Tuesday, September 13 sunset (depending on the sighting of the moon)
Eid al-Adha/Festival of the Sacrifice
             Islam
             http://davidvictorvector.blogspot.com/2011/11/eid-al-adha.html



Thursday, September 22
Autumnal Equinox/Mabon

Sunday, October 2 sunset through either sunset Monday, October 3 (for most Reform and Reconstructionist Jews) or sunset Tuesday, October 4 (for Conservative and Orthodox Jews)
Rosh HaShanah
           Judaism
Tuesday, October 11 sunset through Wednesday, October 12 sunset
Yom Kippur/Day of Atonement
Judaism
            http://davidvictorvector.blogspot.com/2012/09/yom-kippur.html



Sunday, October 16 sunset through Sunday, October 23 sunset
Note: The first two days are major observance days for most Conservative and Orthodox Jews)
           Sukkot/Festival of Booths/Festival of Tabernacles 
           Judaism
           http://davidvictorvector.blogspot.com/2015/09/sukkot-hoshanah-rabah-shemini-atzeret.html



Friday, October 20
Birth of the Bab
Bahai’ism
Sunday, October 23 sunset through Monday, October 24 sunset
Shemini Atzeret
Judaism

Monday, October 24 sunset through Tuesday, October 25 sunset
Simchat Torah
Judaism
            http://davidvictorvector.blogspot.com/2015/09/sukkot-hoshanah-rabah-shemini-atzeret.html



Monday October 10 sunset through Tuesday, October 11 sunset (depending on the sighting of the moon) or for some traditions in North America October 11 at sunset through October 12
Ashura
             Islam, especially Shi’a
             http://davidvictorvector.blogspot.com/2015/09/ashura-2015.html



Sunday, October 30 - Thursday, November 3
Devali
Hinduism, Jainism, Sikhism


October 31 sunset through November 1 
Samhain
Wicca, Neo-Paganism, Neo-Druidism
  November 1
  All Saints Day

November 1
Reformation Day
Lutheranism, some Protestant sects
http://davidvictorvector.blogspot.com/2011/10/samhain-all-saints-day-dia-de-los.html



November 2
All Souls Day/Día de los Muertos
Roman Catholicism
http://davidvictorvector.blogspot.com/2011/10/samhain-all-saints-day-dia-de-los.html




Saturday, November 12
Birthday of Bahá'u'lláh
Bahai'ism
http://davidvictorvector.blogspot.com/2011/11/birthday-of-bahaullah.html



Thursday, December 8  
Bodhi Day
Buddhism


Wednesday, December 21
Yule/Winter Solstice
Wicca, Neo-Paganism, Neo-Druidism
http://davidvictorvector.blogspot.com/2012/12/yule.html



Saturday, December 24 sunset through Sunday, January 1 sunset
Chanukah

Christmas

Western Christian faiths (Roman Catholicism, Protestantism)
Sunday, December 25
Eastern Orthodox/ Ethiopian Tewahedo/Coptic Christian faiths
Saturday, January 7


A FEW CLOSING REMARKS

Before I go on, I should note that all holidays in Islam begin with the actual sighting of the moon. Therefore, the dates given for Eid al-Adha and Ashura are the likely dates for the holiday depending on the sighting conditions. Some debate exists regarding where the moon sighting should occur (e.g., locally or in Mecca). This may also cause observance to fall on a day before or after that indicated in this list. The date given here does not intend to suggest that one or the other interpretation is correct; this date is merely intended to be information for the date most widely observed in North America.

In all likelihood, I have overlooked a holiday or observance. Please feel free to share this with me.

While the links to many of the holidays above were posted in earlier years, they are regularly updated as the holiday approaches for this year. The dates in this post are (to the best of my knowledge) correct for 2016.

Finally, I would like to ask you to spread the word about this blog. If you are not formally a follower, please do add your name to the list through your Google, Twitter, AIM, Netlog or Yahoo account.


Thanks so much!

Tuesday, January 26, 2016

Year of the Monkey 2016: 205 Celebrations Around the World


Monday, February 8, 2016 begins the Year of the Monkey. It is the beginning of the year 4713 (in some traditions, 4714) in the Asian lunar system, which is the Year of the Red Fire Monkey. This  post is one of a series of four posts discussing the Asian Lunar New Year in general and the Year of the Monkey in particular. In this blog, though, we will look at some of the festivals around the world for the Asian Lunar New Year.

Please look at this year's other three posts as well:
 

1.    One Year, Many Traditions: Lunar New Year Customs Around the World at  http://davidvictorvector.blogspot.com/2012/01/one-new-year-many-traditions-lunar-new.html
2.    Year  of the Monkey on the specifics of fortune and beliefs about this year's animal sign at  http://davidvictorvector.blogspot.com/2016/01/year-of-monkey.html
3.    Year of the Monkey: Business Impact  This post covers the business effects from travel to special editions of coins, stamps and gifts for the Lunar New Year around the world.  http://davidvictorvector.blogspot.com/2016/01/year-of-monkey-business-impact.html

The post here covers Lunar New Year celebrations around the world for 2016.


This post first indicates where the Lunar New Year is an official state holiday. The post then goes on to share the wide range of events taking place outside of those countries. The listing here gives 205 major celebrations (parades, galas or other celebrations) for the Year of the Monkey  in 27 countries beyond where it is officially part of the tradition. Of these, 78 are in the United States, 30 in the United Kingdom, 21 in Canada, 19 in France, 17 in Australia, 5 in New Zealand, 4 each in the Netherlands and Thailand;  3 each in Spain, the Philippines and Malaysia, and 2 in Italy and Mexico. Additionally there were 1 each in  Argentina, Brazil, Colombia, Dubai, Finland, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Peru, Portugal,  South Africa, and South Africa.

A TIME OF SLOW DOWNS AND TIME OFFS

The Asian Lunar New Year is a public holiday with varying lengths in several countries.


Many Chinese, Korean, Vietnamese, Bhutanese and Mongolian communities unofficially are closed for the entire New Year’s week (including the preceding or following weekends in many cases). The dates of observance for Tet in Vietnam and Seol in Korea may extend well beyond the official dates as well, especially in rural areas. This somewhat parallels the slowing or shutting down of work and school for Christmas in Europe, Australia, New Zealand and the Americas.


OFFICIAL STATE HOLIDAYS


The Asian New Year in various countries is officially recognized by the state in 15 countries, as follows:

Bhutan
Bhutan: Officially off for Losar but the dates are not officially specified. As some festivities last up to 15 days, this means that the time when things are open or closed is somewhat unclear for about two weeks.


Brunei
Brunei: The first Day of Lunar New Year is an official holiday. If that date lands on a Friday (the Islamic day off), the official observance is moved to the next day on Saturday. It is significant that the Chinese and Vietnamese in Brunei are only a minority, but the state still recognizes the first day of the Asian New Year as a sign of respect to an important minority population.



Christmas Island

Christmas Island: Christmas Island is a territory of Australia, and not a full country. Still, since (unlike Australia), the territory recognizes the first two days of the Lunar New Year as an official holiday, it is listed here. If the holiday falls on a Sunday (the Christian day off), it is extended until the following Tuesday.




Hong Kong
Hong Kong: Though technically part of the PRC, Hong Kong has considerable autonomous control. The first three days of the Chinese New Year are official holidays. This is one day longer than on the Mainland.



Indonesia
Indonesia: The first day of the Lunar New Year is a holiday. It is significant that the Chinese and Vietnamese in Indonesia are only a minority, but the state still recognizes the first day of the Asian New Year as a sign of respect to an important minority population.



Macau
Macau: Macau, like Hong Kong, is technically part of the PRC, but has considerable autonomous control. As with Hong Kong, the first three days of the Chinese New Year are official holidays. This is one day longer than on the Mainland.



Malaysia
Malaysia: The Chinese are Malaysia's largest minority and a major part of the overall society. As a sign of respect to that minority, Malaysia recognizes the first two days of Lunar New Year as official holidays.




Mongolia: Bituun (New Year's Eve) and first three days of Tsagaan Sar are official holidays.
Mongolia
Mauritius: Mauritius is the only nation in Africa to recognize the Lunar New Year as an official state holiday.

North Korea


North Korea: The first day of Seol is an official holiday.



The Philippines
The Philippines: The first day of the Lunar New Year is a holiday, although the Chinese community is a minority within the country.


PRC
People's Republic of China: New Year’s Eve and the first two days of the New Year are holidays in the PRC. That said, the government usually officially makes the New Year a seven-day holiday. By doing so, the Chinese may have the days off but are then required to work during either the preceding or following weekend (or another weekend if agreed upon). Businesses and schools, in turn, consider the two weekend days as being the weekdays that were missed. While this clarifies issues such as overtime pay or extra school days, this nonetheless makes predicting when something is actually shut down or open very difficult at this time of year.

Note also that Hong Kong, Macau and Tibet all are part of the PRC but have different Lunar New Year official times off (as noted elsewhere in this list).
Taiwan
Taiwan: In Taiwan the Lunar New Year’s Eve and the first three days of the Chinese New Year are official days off. Additionally, the fifth day of the Chinese New Year is an official day off for the Dragon Boat Festival (or Duan Wu Festival). This effectively makes the fourth day of the New Year an unofficial day off.


Tibet
Tibet: Although Tibet is part of the PRC, Losar is officially recognized as a holiday for the first seven days of the Lunar New Year. This is done as a recognition of the cultural traditions of the Tibetan ethnic minority.


Singapore
Singapore: Singapore recognizes the first two days of the Lunar New Year as official days off. Approximately 74% of Singapore's population is Chinese in ethnicity.


South Korea
South Korea: The first three days of Seol are officially recognized as a state holiday.


Vietnam
Vietnam: The last two days of old year and first three days of Tet are officially recognized as state holidays.




Year of the Monkey Celebrations Around the Globe



Of course, many of the most important parades and celebrations for Chinese New Year, as one would expect, taking place in China, Hong Kong, MacauSingapore and Taiwan. Similarly, Losar celebrations take place in Bhutan and Tibet; Tet celebrations in Vietnam, Seol celebrations in Korea and so on.

The emphasis here, though, is to show how widespread observances for the Asian Lunar New Year have become throughout the world and to encourage you to consider attending one of these if you live nearby. 

Lunar New Year Celebrations in Asian Countries Without Lunar New Year Traditions

Indonesia

* Jakarta, Indonesia http://newyearseveblog.com/jakarta-chinese-new-year/


Malaysia



The Philippines  



Manila's Chinese New Year Parade begins in Binondo. The oldest Chinatown in the world, Binondo was already well established as a trade center when the Spanish arrived in 1521, and remains an active center of Filipino Chinese commerce and culture to this day.


* Hamilton Island, Queensland  http://www.hamiltonisland.com.au/events/chinese-new-year

* Hobart, Tasmaniahttp://www.ccat.asn.au/general/lunar-new-year-festival/ 
Lunar New Year Festival
Hobart, Tasmania
 
* Melbourne, Victoria  http://www.cnymelbourne.com.au 



Chinese New Year festivities in Sydney
include fireworks over the harbor


Canada

MontrealQuebec  http://chinesenewyearblog.com/montreal/ 

* Vancouver, British Columbia    http://www.clairefromyvr.com/2016-chinese-new-year-vancouver

Vancouver's Chinese New Year Parade
annually draws over 50,000 spectators
who watch its over 3000 participants

* Victoria, British Columbia http://www.tourismvictoria.com/events/chinese-new-year/ 

* Windsor, Ontario  http://visitwindsoressex.com/twepi_event/2016-chinese-new-year-gala/

Winnipeg, Manitoba  http://www.theforks.com/events/calendar-of-events/display,event/2156/chinese-new-year-celebration-2016 
                     
                                           France



The Paris Chinese New Year Parade in Le Marais 
is one of Europe's largest

The Netherlands


Rotterdam's Chinese New Year Parade


London Chinese New Year Parade
LondonEngland http://www.visitlondon.com/events/detail/4733685

ManchesterEngland  http://chinesenewyearmcr.com

NewcastleEngland  http://chinesefestivity.com


United States


ChicagoIllinois (Argyle Street Lunar New Year Parade)
 http://www.timeout.com/chicago/things-to-do/argyle-street-lunar-new-year-parade


* Chicago, Illinois (Chinatown CNY Parade) http://www.timeout.com/chicago/events/festivals/chinatown-lunar-new-year-parade
* Detroit, Michigan   https://www.dcba.com/content/dcba-2016-chinese-new-year-gala-year-monkey

* Easton, Maryland https://mscf.givezooks.com/events/lunar-new-year-2016

* Eugene, Oregon http://asiancelebration.org

* Falls Church, Virginia http://www.chinesenewyearfestival.org/
The Lunar New Year Parade in Flushing, Queens
is the New York area's largest with
over 4000 people marching annually
* Flushing, Queens, New York http://chinesenewyearblog.com/flushing-queens-cny/ (This is actually the largest New York City area Lunar New Year Parade).

* Fountain Valley (Orange County), California (Tet) http://www.octetfest.org/

* Grand Prairie, Texas (Tet) http://tradersvillage.com/grand-prairie/events/vietnamesenewyear/ 

* Helena, Montana http://www.helenaevents.com/02/06/2016/lunar-new-year-celebration/

HoustonTexas http://lunarnewyearhouston.com/

Los AngelesCalifornia  http://www.lagoldendragonparade.com/

* Mankato, Minnesota (Tet) http://vasa-mnsu-mankato.ticketleap.com/tet16/

PhoenixArizona http://phoenixchineseweek.org/

* Raleigh, North Carolina http://www.nctacas.org

* Riverside, California http://lunarfestriverside.com/

* Rockville, Maryland http://www.rockvillemd.gov/index.aspx?NID=730

* Sacramento, California http://www.cnyca.net/

San AntonioTexas  http://all-goebook.rhcloud.com/get/san-antonio-chinese-new-year-festival-2015/

San DiegoCalifornia (Chinese Festival) http://sdcny.weebly.com/

* San Diego (Tet Festival)  http://www.sdtet.com/


San FranciscoCalifornia  (the largest in the USAhttp://www.chineseparade.com/

San Francisco's Chinese New Year Parade
is the largest one outside of Asia.
It is sponsored annually by Southwest Airlines.

San JoseCalifornia (Tet Parade) http://hoitetfairgrounds.org/history.php



Sonoma CountyCalifornia (Tet Parade) http://www.sonomavietnamese.org/

* Stockton, California http://www.stocktoncnyc.org/



Washington DC Chinese New Year Parade

* WashingtonD.C. http://dc.about.com/od/specialeventphotos1/ig/Chinese-New-Year-Parade-Pics/index.htm 

* White Plains (Westchester), New York http://wacany.org/



Other Countries
(with 2 or less events) 

* Dublin, Ireland  http://cny.ie/

Chinese New Year in Milan, Italy



CONCLUDING REMARKS


There are undoubtedly many celebrations that I have overlooked here. Please do let me know events that you know about and share them on this blog if you would like to do so before the New Year begins. Also, I will try to include them next year.

Happy Year of the Monkey!



CLIP ART SOURCES


Opening Year of the Monkey clip art: Sacramento, California CNYCA  http://cnyca.net/php/ 

 Celebrants at Penampang, Saba on the island of Borneo: http://www.theborneopost.com/2012/01/08/28-lions-awaken-for-chinese-new-year/


Lunar New Year Festival, Hobart, Tasmania: http://www.ccat.asn.au/general/lunar-new-year-festival/









Washington DC Chinese New Year Parade http://0.tqn.com/d/dc/1/0/l/L/DSC01640.JPG